The American Population Is Suffering From A Bad Food Diet

3.A. The main points I learned about this video was that the American population is suffering from a bad food diet, a sedentary lifestyle, and very fixated on treating health problems with medical drugs. I learned that people thrive on a plant diet and do not have to eat animal products in order to be healthy. I also learned that the proper food diet and physical exercise regimen can reverse many bad health conditions including multiple sclerosis and prevent many detrimental health problems like cardiovascular disease and obesity. B. The thoughts and ideas presented in this video were very interesting. It was great seeing the before and after pictures and health status of people who were on heavy loads of medication for health problems. Seeing the after pictures of people who made drastic food diet and physical exercise changes along with an updated health status of the person no longer having their previous health issue, was a really strong reflection of how important it is to have a healthy lifestyle. So, the thoughts of doctors and nutritionists in a way â€Å"prescribing† a healthy food diet and exercise plan, as a way for people to improve their health problem and ultimately eradicate the problem, is far better than giving people medication to just treat a problem that will allow them to continue living unhealthy. Additionally, the medicology term described by Dr. Joel Fuhrman, suggests that the American population sees medication as the solution to a healthy lifestyle. 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Children living in poverty are at immense risk for their development, health and overall well-being. According to Komro, 2011, the absolute rate of poverty among children is higher in the United States than in other industrialized nations. Nationally, One in five children are living in poverty (Raphel, 2014). Malnourishment is one of the numerous outcomes from poverty; children are suffering each day in America with thisRead MoreThe Benefits of a Gluten-Free Diet2019 W ords   |  8 PagesThe Benefits of a Gluten-Free Diet The word gluten comes from the Latin word glutin, meaning glue (Merriam-Webster). Gluten is a protein that is found in wheat and most other cereal grains, it gives dough and other produces their cohesiveness. It is very important to society, because without it, traditional baking would not be possible. The chainlike gluten molecules form an elastic network that traps gas and makes the dough expand (Keis). 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Electronic Health Record Implementation Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

The passage from paper records to electronic wellness records has been a challenge in the province of Mississippi. This research survey will concentrate on electronic wellness record ( EHR ) preparedness of ague attention infirmaries in the province of Mississippi. The survey will turn to the factors associated with execution every bit good as the benefits, barriers and hazards. We will write a custom essay sample on Electronic Health Record Implementation Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now The survey will besides supply information as to the position of EHR execution in the province of Mississippi. Introduction. The Bush disposal mandated a call to action for the execution of electronic wellness records within a decennary in 2004. Healthcare suppliers were given a timeline for execution and the confidence that the authorities would be an active protagonist. In 2009, the Obama disposal outlined funding in the American Reinvestment and Recovery Act for EHR support. Suppliers must choose a system and seller that is certified by the Certification Commission for Health Information Technology ( CCHIT ) in order to measure up for federal support. With the 2014 deadline looming, some installations have non started the procedure of EHR choice and execution. In 2008, a comparable survey was performed measuring EHR preparedness in the province of Alabama. A self-completed study was mailed to 131 managers in the wellness information direction ( HIM ) section of Alabama infirmaries. Harmonizing to the research provided in the survey, of 91 reacting infirmaries ( 69 per centum response rate ) , merely 12.0 per centum have completed execution of EHRs ( Houser A ; Johnson, 2008 ) . Background of the Problem. In 2004, President Bush called for widespread acceptance of the EHR within 10 old ages. Traveling from paper to EHRs has been a challenge for many infirmaries and doctors ‘ offices. Although attempts toward EHR execution started about two decennaries ago, the procedure has been slow ( Amatayakul, M. K. , 2007 ) . Harmonizing to a recent study on EHR advancement, the acceptance of EHRs â€Å" is non happening every bit quickly as hoped, † and the U.S. is dawdling in acceptance of EHRs ( Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, 2006 ; Powell, A. , October 12, 2006 ) . Recent studies suggested that EHR execution was between 17 to 24 per centum in doctors ‘ offices in an ambulatory attention puting ( Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, 2006 ; A Jha, A. K. , T. G. Ferris, K. Donelan, C. DesRoches, A. Shields, S. Rosenbaum, and D. Blumenthal, October 2006 ) . EHR usage in any format in hospital scenes was estimated to be 20 to 25 per centum, and the usage of computerized physician order entry ( CPOE ) was about 15 per centum ( Blumenthal, D. , March 2006 ) . Compared to urban infirmaries, EHR usage in rural infirmaries was less common ( Bahensky, J. A. , M. Jaana, and M. M. Ward. 2008 ) .Ward ‘s survey indicated that more than 80 per centum of urban infirmaries reported utilizing computing machines to roll up basic clinical information for possible usage in an EHR and CPOE system, while merely 30 to 40 per centum of rural infirmaries were making so ( Ward, M. M. , M. Jaana, J. A. Bahensky, S. Vartak, and D. S. Wakefield,2006 ) . Purpose of Study. The intent of the proposed survey will concentrate on the figure of healthcare organisations in Mississippi that have implemented electronic wellness records. The survey will place barriers and benefits to execution and buttocks preparedness province broad. Significance of Study. A survey done in April 2009 entitled â€Å" Use of Electronic Health Records in U.S. Hospitals † stated that of responses from 63.1 % of infirmaries surveyed, merely 1.5 % of U.S. infirmaries have a comprehensive electronic-records system ( i.e. , present in all clinical units ) , and an extra 7.6 % have a basic system ( i.e. , present in at least one clinical unit ) . Computerized provider-order entry for medicines has been implemented in merely 17 % of infirmaries. Larger infirmaries, those located in urban countries, and learning infirmaries were more likely to hold electronic-records systems. Respondents cited capital demands and high care costs as the primary barriers to execution, although infirmaries with electronic-records systems were less likely to mention these barriers than infirmaries without such systems ( Jha, 2009 ) . The EHR has several distinguishable advantages over paper wellness records. One definite advantage is the fact that there are increasing storage capablenesss for longer periods of clip. Besides, the EHR is â€Å" accessible from distant sites to many people at the same clip â€Å" ( Young 99 ) and retrieval of the information is about immediate. The record is continuously updated and is available at the same time for usage everyplace. Information is instantly accessible at any unit workstation whenever it is needed. Presently the paper record represents â€Å" monolithic atomization of clinical wellness information. † ( Schloeffel et al. 1 ) This non merely causes the cost of information direction to increase but besides â€Å" atomization leads to even greater costs due to its inauspicious effects on current and future patient attention † ( Schloeffel et al. 1 ) . The EHR can besides supply medical qui vives and reminders. EHR systems have some â€Å" constitutional intelligence capablenesss, such as acknowledging unnatural lab consequences, or possible dangerous drug interactions † ( Koeller 11 ) . Research findings back uping diagnostic trials and the EHR â€Å" can associate the clinician to protocols, attention programs, critical waies, literature databases, pharmaceutical information and other databases of health care cognition † ( Young 100 ) . Computer systems should non take the topographic point of doctors ‘ critical judgements nevertheless, â€Å" a well-designed EHR supports accountable liberty, roll uping and circulating information to help the medical professional in determination devising † ( Wellen, Bouchard, and Houston 2 ) . Another benefit to an EHR is that it allows for customized positions of information relevant to the demands of assorted fortes. The EHR is â€Å" far more flexible, leting its users to plan and use coverage formats tailored to their ain particular demands and to form and expose informations in assorted ways † ( Dick, Steen, and Detmer 46 ) . As a direction tool, the EHR can supply information to better hazard direction and appraisal results. Today, reimbursement is based on results hence healthcare organisations â€Å" must seek advanced ways to better quality of attention and results while pull offing costs † ( Dray 3 ) . An EHR can diminish charting clip and charting mistakes, hence increasing the productiveness of health care workers and diminishing medical mistakes due to illegible notes. â€Å" Reduction of medical mistakes is the concern of the populace at big, province legislators, health care suppliers, and many other wellness professionals † ( Waegemann et al. 11 ) . There have been legion narratives about fatal errors happening because of illegible notes written by doctors. EHRs â€Å" address a job that has plagued medical staff really perchance since the first physician put pencil to paper [ aˆÂ ¦ ] ( Dobias 3 ) . Since â€Å" script is natural, and hence hard to alter † ( Dobias 3 ) automated systems can assist extinguish this job. Although some systems may look dearly-won, the additions in efficiency far offset the costs. Chart chasing is eliminated, as is duplicate informations entry of the same information on multiple signifiers. â€Å" Highly paid, skilled clinicians no longer are delayed by the hunt for elusive paper charts, and useable result information becomes available without several yearss of informations digest † ( Wellen, Bouchard, and Houston 3 ) . Financially, the EHR will supply more accurate charge information and will let the suppliers of attention to subject their claims electronically, hence having payment quicker. The patient is even happier, because old information is available so the patient does non hold to go on to supply the same information over and over once more ( Gurley, 2006 ) . The completion of this survey will add to the organic structure of cognition by detailing the grounds for or against partial or full electronic wellness record execution in Mississippi. Chapter 2 – Reappraisal of Literature Reappraisal of the Literature A literature reappraisal for this topic has provided many relevant articles covering the subject of electronic wellness record execution. After choosing articles that were more closely aligned with the range of this research, I examined the mark population ( infirmaries in Mississippi ) , research intent ( designation of factors, barriers, and benefits of execution ) , the differing research methods, the information analysis method, variables, demographics every bit good as sample size. The literature systematically reflects positive benefits of utilizing this engineering. The study survey design was most normally used in the literature and seems to bring forth more measureable consequences. Sample sizes varied depending on the geographic part. The first article was entitled, â€Å" Percepts Sing Electronic Health Record Implementation among Health Information Management Professionals in Alabama: A State-wide Survey and Analysis. † The intents of this survey were to measure the position of execution of EHRs among Alabama infirmaries ; the factors that are associated with EHR execution ; and the benefits of, barriers to, and hazards of EHR implementation.A A self-completed study was mailed to 131 managers in the wellness information direction ( HIM ) section of Alabama infirmaries. Of 91 reacting infirmaries ( 69 per centum response rate ) , merely 12.0 per centum have completed execution of EHRs. The cardinal factor driving electronic wellness record ( EHR ) execution was to better clinical procedures or workflow efficiency. Lack of equal support and resources was the major barrier to EHR execution. Rural infirmaries were less likely to implement EHRs when compared with urban infirmaries ( p = .07 ) . Adoption of EHRs should be evaluated in deepness for infirmaries, and peculiarly for rural infirmaries. Wayss to seek appropriate support and supply equal resources should be explored ( Houser, 2006 ) .A The 2nd article, â€Å" Use of Electronic Health Records in U.S. Hospitals † is sing the usage of electronic wellness records from a national position. The research workers surveyed all ague attention infirmaries that are members of the American Hospital Association for the presence of specific electronic-record functionalities. Using a definition of electronic wellness records based on adept consensus, the research workers determined the proportion of infirmaries that had such systems in their clinical countries. We besides examined the relationship of acceptance of electronic wellness records to specific infirmary features and factors that were reported to be barriers to or facilitators of acceptance ( Jha et.al, 2009 ) . The research workers collaborated with the American Hospital Association ( AHA ) to study all ague attention general medical and surgical member infirmaries. The study was presented as an information engineering addendum to the association ‘s one-year study of members, and like the overall AHA questionnaire, was sent to the infirmary ‘s main executive officer. Hospital main executive officers by and large assigned the most knowing individual in the establishment ( in this instance, typically the main information officer or equivalent ) to finish the study. Non-responding infirmaries received multiple telephone calls and reminder letters inquiring them to finish the study. The study was ab initio mailed in March 2008, and their in-field period ended in September 2008 ( Jha et.al, 2009 ) . The research workers found that less than 2 % of ague attention infirmaries have a comprehensive electronic-records system, and that, depending on the definition used, between 8 and 12 % of infirmaries have a basic electronic-records system. With the usage of the definition that requires the presence of functionalities for doctors ‘ notes and nursing appraisals, information systems in more than 90 % of U.S. infirmaries do non even run into the demand for a basic electronic-records system ( Jha et.al, 2009 ) . These articles focused on information which will turn out to be good as I move frontward with this research undertaking. There is a demand for extra literature hunt in order to study/research extra stuff related to this peculiar survey. Chapter 3 – Methodology Methodology Research Design. The research worker will utilize study research design and analysis. Each HIM manager was sent a validated study comprised of multiple pick and open ended inquiries. The information for the survey will be collected anonymously via study mailed to infirmaries in Mississippi. A random control figure will be assigned to each study and envelope. There will be no linkage to individuality of establishments, merely aggregated informations will be published. Population and Sample Design. The choice of sample size was based on the figure of infirmaries in the province of Mississippi. This survey will measure perceptual experiences sing electronic wellness record execution in assorted types of infirmaries in Mississippi. The sample will be a convenience sample of all HIM managers in the province of MS, consisting all major geographic locations and/or hospital size. Data Collection Procedures. In September, 2010, the research worker mailed self completed studies to infirmaries in Mississippi. Participating installations had 4 hebdomads from the day of the month they received the study to return it in the ego addressed stamped envelope provided. Addresss and contact information for the installations was gathered from the American Hospital Directory, the Mississippi Department of Health, and the Official State of Mississippi web sites. By December 2010, the thesis will be complete and ready for presentation. Research Questions. Each participant was asked inquiries sing demographics alone to their installation. The study inquiries we focused on sensed hazards and benefits of implementing an EHR wholly and in portion. The participants were besides asked inquiries sing their degree of instruction, certificates, and age scope. Profile of Sample Population A missive and ego completed study was mailed to 90 managers of wellness information direction in Mississippi infirmaries. Data Analysis. A quantitative research method will be used as the method of analysis. The information will enable a graded comparing of infirmaries in Mississippi that have non-implemented, partly and to the full implemented electronic wellness records. We will utilize descriptive statistics to supply a sum-up of the informations collected. Chapter 4- Consequences Features of Respondents Of a sum of 46 study respondents, a big bulk ( 96 per centum ) were HIM managers, and the staying respondents ( 4 per centum ) were hospital administrative forces ( Figure 4 ) . 35 of the 46 respondents ( 76 per centum ) were between the ages of 40 and 59, 6 respondents ( 13 per centum ) were 22 to 39, 4 respondents ( 9 per centum ) were over 60, and one participant chose non to react ( Figure 13 ) . 55 per centum ( 25 respondents ) held Registered Health Information Administrator ( RHIA ) certificates, 12 respondents ( 26 per centum ) held Registered Health Information Technician certificates ( RHIT ) , 1 respondent ( 2 per centum ) held Certified Professional Coder ( CPC ) enfranchisements, 4 respondents ( 9 per centum ) were dually certified keeping RHIA certificates and a Certified Coding Specialist ( CCS ) enfranchisement, 1 respondent ( 2 per centum ) held an RHIT certificate and Certified Coding Specialist ( CCS ) enfranchisement, and the staying 3 respondents ( 6 per centum ) chose non to react ( Figure 14 ) . The highest degree of instruction attained by the HIM professionals was besides included in the information aggregation. 61 per centum ( 28 respondents ) had obtained a unmarried man ‘s grade, 26 per centum ( 12 respondents ) had obtained an associate ‘s grade, 5 respondents ( 2 per centum ) had obtained certifications, 1 respondent ( 2 per centum ) had obtained a maestro ‘s grade, 2 respondents ( 4 per centum ) had obtained other grades in topics non related to HIM, and 1 respondent did non take part in this inquiry ( Figure 15 ) . While 28 per centum of the reacting HIM professionals have strong input, another 56 per centum have small or merely some input on determinations sing EHR execution in the infirmary. Eleven per centum of the respondents had no input sing EHR execution. Of the full pool of respondents, there were no HIM Directors or administrative forces who held the concluding decision-making power related to EHR execution in their infirmaries ( Figure 5 ) .A Among these study respondents, 54 per centum of their infirmaries have less than 100 beds, 31 per centum had 100-400 beds, and 13 per centum had more than 100 beds at their installation ( Figure 1 ) . Of the 46 study respondents, 61 per centum were from non profit/not for net income infirmaries while 24 per centum were for net income infirmaries ( Figure 2 ) . Of the respondents, 76 per centum were from rural infirmaries and 20 per centum were in urban countries ( Figure 3 ) . From a sum of 90 possible infirmary respondents, 46 ( 51 per centum ) responded and 44 ( 49 per centum ) did non react. Status of EHR Implementation When asked about the position of EHR execution in their infirmaries, merely 8 ( 17 per centum ) of the 46 study respondents reported that their infirmaries had implemented an EHR system. Twelve infirmaries ( 26 per centum ) of the infirmaries had non implemented an EHR system when the study was conducted, with the staying 26 infirmaries ( 57percent ) being in the execution procedure ( Figure 10 ) .A Of the 8 infirmaries with to the full implemented EHRs, 3 ( 38 per centum ) are in rural countries, 4 ( 50 per centum ) are in urban countries, and 1 did non react to location. All 12 ( 100 per centum ) of the installations without an EHR or any timeline regarding execution are in rural countries. Of the 26 staying installations with EHRs in advancement, 20 ( 77 per centum ) are in rural countries, 5 ( 19 per centum ) are in urban countries, and 1 is in a suburban country. Harmonizing to the informations collected, rural infirmaries are more likely non to hold a timeline for execution. Of those infirmaries who had implemented an EHR system, merely one had completed the procedure before the twelvemonth 2000, and another seven had implemented it between 2000 and 2006. The figure of EHRs implemented between 2000 and 2006 mirrors the statistics reported in a comparative survey completed among HIM professionals in the province of Alabama. Of the 46 respondents, 32 per centum of the infirmaries with enforced EHRs and in execution advancement, want both inmate and outpatient capablenesss for EHR support.A Of the infirmaries that had non implemented or were in the procedure of implementing an EHR system, 30 per centum indicated that they would implement EHRs within a twelvemonth. Another 14 per centum stated that they would implement EHRs in the following two old ages, and 17 per centum of respondents reported that they were non certain when EHR execution would take topographic point ( Figure 10 ) . Factors Driving the Need for EHR Systems When asked â€Å" What factors drive the demand for the EHR systems within your infirmaries? † 36 ( 86 per centum ) of the 46 respondents felt that the two major demands or concerns were to better the quality of health care and the demand to portion patient record information among healthcare professionals ( Figure 6 ) . Other factors were the demand to better clinical procedure or workflow efficiency ( 34 respondents or 74 per centum ) and regulative demands of JCAHO or HCQA ( 22 respondents or 48 per centum ) . When asked â€Å" what is the greatest factor that drives the demand for EHR systems? † the most of import drive factor was to better health care quality ( 33 per centum ) . Benefits of Implementing EHRs The respondents were asked, â€Å" What would be the benefit of implementing the EHR system? † 42 of the respondents ( 91 per centum ) indicated that bettering work flow would be the major benefit of implementing the system ( Figure 7 ) . Some other benefits were stated as cut downing medical mistakes ( 70 per centum ) , and cut downing cost ( 43 per centum ) , cut downing intervention clip ( 17 per centum ) , increasing gross ( 17 per centum ) , and minimising malpractice claims ( 13 per centum ) . The major benefit, as indicated by the respondents, is the betterment of work flow and efficiency. Barriers to Implementing EHRs The figure one perceived barrier for implementing an EHR system was deficiency of equal support and resources ( 39 per centum ) ( Figure 8 ) . 14 respondents in rural countries and 4 in urban countries cited fundss as a major barrier. Some other barriers were deficiency of support from medical staff ( 37percent ) , deficiency of cognition of EHRs ( 33 per centum ) , deficiency of employee preparation ( 28 per centum ) , and deficiency of structured engineering ( 20 per centum ) . Vendor issues and deficiency of corporate organisation and action were besides stated as barriers to EHR execution. The respondents identified the deficiency of equal support as the major barrier to EHR execution. Chapter 5- Conclusions and Recommendations As the deadline for electronic wellness record transition nears, there are still several Mississippi installations that have non begun or completed the execution procedure. Harmonizing to the informations gathered in this study, EHR execution is mostly uncomplete. Merely 17 per centum of the reacting sites have to the full implemented records. Another 57 per centum are in the procedure of implementing and 26 per centum have no clear timeline as to when execution will get down. There are restrictions sing this study. Without the staying 49 per centum of the studies completed and returned, there is no manner to measure the stage of execution at those installations. However, the figure of respondents that did take part indicates the demand for an immediate call to action in order to run into the 2014 end. Educating clinical and administrative staff and parties with vested involvement will help in undertaking the obstructions impeding EHR execution. Nationally, EHR acceptance rates among infirmaries vary widely. Jha ‘s survey reviewed 36 different studies conducted between 1995 and 2005 and recorded a scope between 4 per centum and 21 per centum for execution of computerized patient order entry among infirmaries ( Jha, 2006 ) . The slow advancement of execution can be mostly attributed to fiscal restraints. Lack of support in fiscal resources is the major factor that contributes to fewer Mississippi infirmaries, rural and urban, holding completed EHR execution. In add-on, deficiency of cognition sing EHRs and a deficiency of bargain in from clinical and administrative staff besides play a major portion in the slow execution procedure. While fundss are a hinderance, there are funding chances through federal statute law to back up EHR execution. The American Reinvestment and Recove ry Act ( ARRA ) of 2009 included the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act ( HITECH ) which seeks to better American wellness attention bringing and patient attention through an unprecedented investing in wellness information engineering. The ARRA developed an Electronic Health Record Incentive plan that authorizes the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services ( CMS ) to do incentive payments to eligible infirmaries to advance the acceptance and meaningful usage of interoperable certified EHR engineering ( ( IHS Office of Information Technology, 2010 ) . These incentive programs offer funding to healthcare suppliers who implement an EHR that is certified through the Certification Commission for Healthcare Information Technology ( CCHIT ) . These inducements will countervail the fiscal load of the installations as the passage into an electronic wellness record. HIM professionals play a major function in EHR execution. There is a great demand for persons with cognition and instruction in IT and EHR application and engineering. The 10,000 Trained by 2010 act was introduced in the House of Representatives in 2009 would authorise the National Science Foundation to present grants to establishments of higher instruction to develop and offer instruction and preparation plans. This would include instruction in the field of wellness information sciences. The debut of this measure indicates the turning demand for trained HIM professionals and the built-in portion they will play in EHR transition and execution. In order to accomplish the end of countrywide execution by 2014, there must be a greater push and increased support for health care suppliers. Government statute law and execution inducements are major paces in a positive way but there are still barriers that hinder EHR execution. It is necessary for suppliers to place the hazards, benefits, and factors driving EHR execution in order to cognize where and how to get down the procedure. Increased community consciousness, a good trained work force, support, and support from the clinical and administrative staff are all imperative in the successful execution of electronic wellness record engineering. How to cite Electronic Health Record Implementation Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

Enders Game free essay sample

Wesley Bolton Samuel Good Jake Jones JonMichael Lopez Honors English 9-1 January 28, 2013 WORK CITED INFORMATION: Card, Orson. Ender’s Game. New York: Tom Doherty Associates, 1977. PLOT SUMMARY AND THEME OF THE NOVEL: Ender’s Game, by Orson Scott Card, is the story of Andrew â€Å"Ender† Wiggin, a third born child in a prejudiced, futuristic world, as he is recruited to train at battle school to fight the â€Å"buggers†, an alien species that previously tried to wipe out the human race. Little does he know that Colonel Graff, the commander of battle school, is the puppet master of a scheme to brutally train Ender to lead the human armies to wipe out the buggers; which he unknowingly does. To avoid political repercussions and the greedy hands of his older brother, Peter, Ender and his sister, Valentine, move to lead and populate the new colonies; this is where Ender finds the last bugger queen pupa and works to make it his personal quest to find a place for the species to repopulate and live in peace. The theme of Orson Scott Card’s Ender’s Game is that sometimes you have to sacrifice the few for the sake of many. CHARACTERS AND POINT OF VIEW: Ender’s Game by Orson Scott Card is the backdrop to many in-depth characters that are essential to the plot. The story is written in the third person omniscient point of view but the reader really only hears the thoughts of Andrew â€Å"Ender† Wiggin, the child protagonist of the story. Ender is a round and dynamic character because throughout the story, you watch him grow up fighting prejudices and overcoming challenges that have been placed in his way by the secondary antagonist, Colonel Graff. The reader empathizes with Ender and feels his pain as he is given so many challenges that he almost breaks. The secondary antagonist is Colonel Graff, a flat but dynamic character who acts as a puppet master, controlling, isolating, testing, challenging, and ultimately molding Ender into a commander that can save the human race from the main antagonist, the Buggers. Graff is a dynamic character because at first he seems to only care about getting another kid through to see if they are the leader they need but later decides that he actually likes and cares for Ender. The reader feels a bittersweet empathy for Graff because of his disgustingly cruel acts upon Ender that will eventually lead to the saving of the human race. The main antagonist are a group of aliens that humans call â€Å"buggers† which is a flat, but dynamic race of alien which previously tried to wipe out the human race and have kept the humans in fear for over 70 years. This group is dynamic because when we are first introduced them, they are trying to kill the humans but later try to befriend Ender when they realize that he understands them and they leave their only chance for survival in his hands. Another key character is Ender’s brother Peter. Peter is the cruel older brother of Ender but is also the fuel to why Ender is tough on himself. Peter is a round, static character. He is a round character because we know all about him and his actions that make him who he is. The reader dislikes Peter because he is somewhat of an enemy to the main character and does not care for others. The final character is Ender’s loving sister, Valentine. Valentine is the older sibling of Ender and is his encouragement throughout the story. She is a round yet static character. While we know her very well and her true intentions, she never changes her stance on things or who she is. The reader likes Valentine because she is trying to encourage Ender and love him. LITERARY DEVICES: Ender’s Game by Orson Scott Card uses several literary elements throughout the book to help us understand what is happening. Symbolism, when on object or character is used to represent something else, is used throughout the book. One example is when Ender is back on Earth and is talking with Valentine about how much Ender despises himself. Ender says, â€Å"In the moment when I truly understand my enemy, understand him well enough to defeat him, then in that very moment do I also love him. I think it’s impossible to really understand somebody, what they want, what they believe, and not love them the way they love themselves. And then, in that very moment when I love them-â€Å". (238) This is a symbol because in this novel there is a frequent amount of love-hate relationships. Another literary device is foreshadowing. Foreshadowing is when something is said or done that hints at what is to come. Each chapter usually begins with a conversation between Colonel Graff and Anderson. The discussions that take place usually hint at things to come in the story. In the beginning of chapter three, Graff is having a conversation with Anderson and says, â€Å"Persuade him that he wants to come with us more than he wants to stay with her† (16). This is an example of foreshadowing because it hints to us that Graff will eventually convince Ender to come with him. The final literary device is irony. Irony is when what is said or done is opposite of what is expected. Ender’s Game shows dramatic irony when it tells us the conversation between Graff and Anderson in Chapter eight. Graff says, â€Å"†¦. Think of every impossible, unfair star arrangement you can. Think of other ways to bend the rules. Late notification. Unequal forces. Then run the simulations and see which ones are hardest, which easiest. We want to bring him along†. 97) This is dramatic irony because we know that these bad things will happen to Ender but Ender himself will not know. HOW READERS MAY RESPOND TO THIS WORK: The novel Ender’s Game is a complex, intricate story designed for teenage and adult readers who like sci-fi stories. This group of people would like this book because they could understand and empathized with the character s. The ending leaves the reader filled with confusing emotions. It leaves you feeling happy for Ender finally finding peace with himself but you still feel sad because you realize that while that is making him happy, he will never find true happiness with himself.

Zoroaster Outline Essay Example

Zoroaster Outline Essay Zoroastrianism l. Zoroastrianism is a monotheistic religion that was once widespread in the Near East and Middle East. (Molloy 438) A. It spread widely, but is now mostly present in India. (Molloy 438) B. Some see possible influence on the development of Essenes, early Christianity, and Islam. (Molloy 438) II. The prophet Zoroaster, the founder of the religion, was born about 650 BCE in what is now Iran. (Molloy 438) A. He was surrounded by the worship of nature gods, common to his area of upbringing. (Molloy 438) i. He did not believe in his religions practices of the sacrifice of animals at the fire ltars and the power of the priests. (Molloy 438) B. At age 30, Zoroaster experienced a vision which completely changed his life. (Molloy 438) i. He felt himself transported to heaven by a spirit he called Vohu Manah (good mind) into the presence of the High God Ahura Mazda (wise lord). (Molloy 438) C. Zoroasters new message was initially met with strong rejection, which he blamed on demons (daevas) and the satanic head of evil forces, Angra Mainyu (wicked spirit). (Molloy 438) i. His bitter experiences made him have further belief in good vs. evil. Molloy 438) D. Eventually Zoroasters teachings reached an Iranian King named Vishtaspa, and he used his power to spread Zoroasters new religion. (Molloy 438) Ill. Zoroastrianism has one sacred religious text, called The Avesta. (Boyce 238) A. It is supposed to be written by Zoroaster himself, and includes the seventeen Gathas (hymns), Yasna Haptanhaiti (Worship of the Seven Chapters, a short liturgy accompanying the daily act of priestly worship), and two very holy manthras. (Boyce 238) B. We will write a custom essay sample on Zoroaster Outline specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Zoroaster Outline specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Zoroaster Outline specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The entirety of The Avesta was written down in Iran, under the Sasanian ynasty, and was then a massive compilation in twenty-one books. (Boyce 238) C. Only a few copies were made, and in the destruction which later attended the Arab, Turkish, and Mongol conquests of Iran all were destroyed. (Boyce 238) D. The surviving Avesta consists of liturgies, hymns, and prayers. (Boyce 238) V. Zoroastrianism revolves around the war between good and evil, which are always present. (Hinnells 81) A. Zoroaster taught that God was the sole Good Creator of all things, of sun, moon and stars, of the spiritual and material worlds, of man and beast. Hinnells 81) B. He (Ahura Mazda) is in no way responsible for evil in the world; this comes from the Destructive Spirit (Angra Mainyu) whose nature is violent and destructive. (Hinnells) C. The world is a battleground in which the forces of good and evil do battle. (Hinnells) D. The spirit of light and good in the world is known as Spenta Mainyu (holy spirit ). (Molloy 438) V. Zoroastrianism has belief of divine Judgement and in an afterlife of reward or punishment, which begins at death. (Molloy 438) A. During life, humans are involved in a cosmic struggle between good and evil. Molloy 438) a) These good actions may consist of: telling the truth, dealing honestly with others, cultivating farmland, and treating animals kindly. (Molloy 438) B. Final Judgement begins at death when an individuals soul must cross a bridge that can lead to paradise. (Molloy 438) i. If the individual has been good, the bridge is wide and the Journey to paradise is easy; but if the individual has been evil, the bridge becomes so narrow that the soul falls deep into the depths of hell. (Molloy 438) C. There is also a belief in the end of all times. (Molloy 438) i. When the world comes to an end, there will be a resurrection of all bodies and a great general Judgement; at this time the world will be purified by fire, which will punish the evil but leave the good untouched. (Molloy 438) VI. Zoroastrianism has long been a highly ritualistic religion. (Molloy 438) A. A Zoroastrian has the duty to pray five times daily (at sunrise, noon, sunset, midnight, and dawn) in the presence of fire, the symbol of righteousness. (Boyce 247) i. He prays standing, and while uttering the appointed prayers (which include verses from he Gathas) unties and reties the kutsi. Boyce 247) a) The kutsi is a sacred cord, which should be worn constantly. (Boyce 247) B. Ceremonies at death are considered very important and have a double aim: to isolate the impurity of the dead body and give help to the soul. (Boyce 249) i. The body is wrapped into a cotton shroud and carried on an iron bier, and after due prayers by priests, to a stone tower (dakhma), where the polluting f lesh is quickly eaten by vultures and the bones are bleached by sun and wind. (Boyce 249) it. Mourners ollow the bier at a distance, two by two, and afterwards make ablutions. Boyce 249) Works Cited Molloy, Michael. Zoroastrianism. Experiencing the Worlds Religions: Tradition, Challenge, and Change/ Michael Molloy. 6th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, 2013. 438-439. Print. Boyce, Mary. Zoroastrianism. The Penguin Handbook of the Worlds Living Religions/ Ed. John R. Hinnells. Strand: Penguin Group, 2010. 238-249. Print Hinnells, John. The Cosmic Battle: Zoroastrianism. Eerdmans Handbook to the Worlds Religions/ Ed. R. Pierce Beaver. Herts: Lion Publishing, 1982. 80-87. Print.

ASU GPA Calculator Essay Example

ASU GPA Calculator Essay Example ASU GPA Calculator Paper ASU GPA Calculator Paper Innovations is a power of ASU University. This educational institution is famous for its well-developed infrastructure and progressive methods of teaching. A wide range of educational programs is available here. We offer a variety of grants as well. The advantage of the ASU. Our highly qualified professors are dedicating themselves thoroughly endeavoring to bring up and educate a new generation – influential, progressive and innovative. The students, who get their education at ASU, have a chance to cooperate with the NASA scientists and contribute to the development of space exploration. You have an excellent opportunity to become a student of this higher education institution and paying a lot of effort built a successful scientific career. The member of ASU has a chance to develop themselves in all spheres of life. University enables its member to explore, advance, grow and become better! ASU GPA calculator is a handy tool for every student evaluating his chances to become a member of this educational institution. A program can assist you in measuring the average grade by calculating it based on the data you insert. College GPA calculator ASU College GPA calculator ASU is an instrument assisting in the process of choosing the higher educational institution you want to study in and estimating the chances to get an education there. This online program was developed for potential students endeavoring to pick the place to continue getting their further education after finishing the high school. Cumulative GPA calculator ASU is a starting point helping to measure the average grade based on your academic achievements and estimate whether this number matches with the expectation of the committee accepting students. You can see the score you have reached in the process of studying. A unique calculating model is taken as a basis for GPA calculator ASU allowing counting the average grade. As a result, you get the number, which shows your chances to occupy the place in the university. This tool is necessary for enabling the students quickly see the full picture. The thing is that rarely potential students apply to one particular uni versity. They usually have 3-5 variants. The program helps them to calculate the proximity of entering each of the possible places of studying so that the students will be able to understand, where the chances are the highest. My GPA calculator ASU If you are thinking over the opportunity to enter the ASU, you have to make use of the Arizona State University ASU GPA Calculator. This is an online program available on the official page of the university. The function of this app is to help to estimate the current GPA of a student. As soon as you enter this page, you will have to sign in, creating your private profile. Enter the â€Å"my GPA calculator ASU.†Ã‚   The next stage requires a user to insert the following info – the total points, graded units and scheduled course information. After that, a student has to click the calculating button and launch the counting process. As soon as you get the number, you can estimate whether it is possible to submit an application form. The points you receive will be based on the last year’s admission process or current students’ portfolio. Due to the results, you will count the chances to become a student of ASU!

All About Russias Exclave of Kaliningrad

All About Russia's Exclave of Kaliningrad Russias smallest oblast (region) of Kaliningrad is an exclave located 200 miles away from the border of Russia proper. Kaliningrad was a spoil of World War II, allocated from Germany to the Soviet Union at the Potsdam Conference that divided Europe between the allied powers in 1945. The oblast is a wedge-shaped piece of land along the Baltic Sea between Poland and Lithuania, approximately one-half the size of Belgium, 5,830 mi2 (15,100 km2). The oblasts primary and port city is also known as Kaliningrad. Founding Known as Konigsberg prior to Soviet occupation, the city was founded in 1255 near the mouth of the Pregolya River. The philosopher Immanuel Kant was born in Konigsberg in 1724. The capital of German East Prussia, Konigsberg was the home to a grand Prussian Royal Castle, destroyed along with much of the city in World War II. Konigsberg was renamed Kaliningrad in 1946 after Mikhail Kalinin, formal leader of the Soviet Union from 1919 until 1946. At the time, Germans living in the oblast were forced out, to be replaced with Soviet citizens. While there were early proposals to change the name of Kaliningrad back to Konigsberg, none were successful. Key History The ice-free port of Kaliningrad on the Baltic Sea was home to the Soviet Baltic fleet; during the Cold War 200,000 to 500,000 soldiers were stationed in the region. Today only 25,000 soldiers occupy Kaliningrad, an indicator of the reduction of the perceived threat from NATO countries. The USSR attempted to build a 22-story House of Soviets, the ugliest building on Russian soil, in Kaliningrad but the structure had been built on the property of the castle. Unfortunately, the castle contained many underground tunnels and the building began to slowly collapse though it still stands, unoccupied. After the fall of the USSR, neighboring Lithuania and former Soviet republics gained their independence, cutting Kaliningrad off from Russia. Kaliningrad was supposed to develop in the post-Soviet era into a Hong Kong of the Baltic but corruption keeps most investment away. South Korean-based Kia Motors has a factory in Kaliningrad. Railroads connect Kaliningrad to Russia through Lithuania and Belarus but importing food from Russia is not cost-effective. However, Kaliningrad is surrounded by European Union member-states, so trade on the wider market is indeed possible. Approximately 400,000 people live in metropolitan Kaliningrad and a total of nearly one million are in the oblast, which is approximately one-fifth forested.

Equity and Trusts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Equity and Trusts - Essay Example The elements are that there is an intention that there be property given to a trustee for use of a beneficiary or beneficiaries.1 Moreover, there must be a certainty that a trust is what was truly was intended, and not a bailment, gift or agency relationship.2 Additionally, there must be certainty about the terms of the trust – what is the property, and who is to benefit from the property.3 The trust must also be for the benefit of people, and not for a purpose, which means that the beneficiaries may be able to decide how to use the property.4 This is known as the three certainties – there must be a certainty of intention, subject matter and object.5 There must also be, for an express trust, a transfer of property to the trustee.6 There is some question, however, about this particular trust. While it appears to be for the benefit of beneficiaries, in that the people of the company are who would benefit from the trust, the trust might also be construed as a purpose trust , which means that the trust is set up for the fulfillment of a purpose, not the for the benefit of a person.7 The court might construe the trust as being a purpose trust, because it was set up for the purpose of providing medical care and rest and recuperation care to the employees. ... Another possibility is that this money would be treated as a resulting trust.8 This would occur if the court assumes that the settlor of the trust are the people who contributed the money into the trust, and the trust itself fails, because of the lack of certainty of the objects of the trust.9 A resulting trust can also result when the objectives of the trust no longer become possible or relevant by the time of the transfer to the trustee.10 Alternatively, the trust could treated as a quistclose trust, which occurs when a creditor lends money to a debtor for a particular purpose.11 If the trust fails, because the purpose that the debtor was to use the property fails or cannot be fulfilled, then the money reverts back to the creditor.12 Either way, the money would be considered to be a resulting trust, which would mean that the settlors would retain the value of the money.13 This would mean, of course, that the trustees would not be able to use the money for other purposes – as with a quistclose trust, the money in the trust fund was to be used for a very specific purpose, which is to be pay for medical care and rest and recuperation care for any employee or the family of an employee who suffers injury or a medical condition arising from their work. This is what the fund was specifically set up for, and, since this purpose is no longer valid, the settlors would retain the money. This would mean that the people who contributed the money into the fund would retain the rights to the money, and the trustees would not be able to divert the funds for other things. Even if the court does not treat the trust as a resulting trust, it is still doubtful that the trustees would be able to use the funds for something else. Assuming that the trust is considered to be

Describe the effects of American expansion across the Southwest from Essay

Describe the effects of American expansion across the Southwest from the 1820s through the 1840s - Essay Example Vermont joined the Union in the year 1791 as a separate State. In 1792, Kentucky was admitted to the Union; and in 1820, Maine was included (Westward Expansion). The treaty between the US and Spain of 1821 served to establish the boundary of Louisiana. Under this treaty, the boundary was to commence from the mouth of the river Sabine in the Gulf of Mexico and proceed till the west bank of the Sabine up to the thirty – second degree of north latitude. From there it was to continue along the north of the Red River, along the south bank of the Red River to the one – hundredth degree of east longitude. Subsequently, the border was to pass north of the Arkansas and then onwards to the south bank of the Arkansas. Finally, it was to pass along the forty-second degree north latitude up to the Pacific Ocean (Westward Expansion). This treaty settled the boundary issue with regard to the States of Washington, Oregon, Idaho, and the western regions of Wyoming. The US claimed this land on the basis of its discoveries in 1792, its explorations of 1805, and settlement in 1811. In 1848, the dispute with Canada, regarding the boundary between the latter and Washington and Idaho was resolved (Westward Expansion). The expansion took place in the directions of the south, west, and the declining Spanish empire’s new territories. In 1819, Spain ceded Florida to the US, under the requirements of the Adams – Onis Treaty. This Treaty clearly demarcated Louisiana and Spanish Texas. This border passed through the Rocky Mountains, along the coast of the Arkansas River, and along the southern borders of the states of Idaho and Oregon (Johnson and Woloch). This Treaty played a major role in determining the borders of the United States, along the land adjoining the Pacific Ocean. In the period between 1820 and 1840, there was a westward movement of the people, in the US, which had a profound effect on agriculture, education,

McDonalds wishes to rework on its restaurant interiors Essay Example for Free

McDonalds wishes to rework on its restaurant interiors Essay McDonalds is the worlds leading global foodservice retailer with more than 33,000 locations in 118 countries. McDonald’s has several company owned stores, but uses Franchising for both domestic and international expansion. McDonalds India was set up as a 50:50 joint-venture between McDonalds at a global level and regional Indian partners such as Hardcastle Restaurants Private Limited in western India, and Connaught Plaza Restaurants Private Limited in northern India. McDonald’s currently has over 220 restaurants in the country. McDonalds doesn’t provide any financial assistance and absentee ownership of finance is not allowed. Also, the financial requirements are quite steep. MFY- for implementing the MFY (Made for You) option for customers, the franchises are required to upgrade their equipment at their own expense. This caused some problem with maintaining standard service across all outlets. Pricing and menu may also be a point of difficulty for the franchiser and franchisee as prices vary between companies owned and franchised stores. Inconsistent standards- There are several instances of poor service or disgruntled customers complaining about the quality of food served. This is because it is difficult to enforce the exact same standards in all franchised stores. McDonald’s aims to provide 100 percent total customer satisfaction. In order to achieve this goal , McDonald’s relies on its operating philosophy based on QSC V – Quality, Service, Cleanliness and Value. McDonald’s believes that customer satisfaction is crucial to the success of the brand and all Restaurants must perform to the standards. These standards are used in both company owned and franchised restaurants. QUALITY Best ingredients: This is achieved by its commitment to sourcing all its requirements from local farmers and suppliers. Before entering India, the company spent six years and Rs. 450 crore toset up its supply chain. In India McDonalds pioneered the cold chain management which helpskeep vegetables and processed products safe for a longer time. Preparation Standards: Best quality standardized ingredients ensure standardized preparation standards can be followed. Every product has a fixed procedure of preparation. However, newer McDonald’s stores offer MFY (Made for You) where the product is made only after the order is placed. Other standards: * FIFO: (First in first out) for all inventories. * Reverse osmosis water treatment plant: Best technology for water purification at every outlet to provide water. Strict standards for vegetarian products including eggless mayonnaise and eggless ice-cream. SERVICE * Soft standards: * Welcome every customer with a smile and are genuinely friendly at all times * Deliver consistent standards of hospitality Seize opportunities to interact with customers in a personal and positive way * Be well informed about product contents and nutritional information * Always appear clean and well groomed. * Hard standards: * Serve fresh and hot * Serve within one minute of receiving order or give a free coke. This is implemented in a few outlets and is not applicable during peak hours. * Cleanliness and Hygiene * The counters, tables, floor area are to be kept clean at all times. * All staff required to cover their heads and wear gloves when within preparation area. * All these standards are evaluated by mystery shoppers and rated. This is called a RVR Restaurant Visitation Report) which provides a snapshot of the stores performance over a period of a few hours. The stores are graded either A, B, C or F. Facility Exterior: Exterior Design: McDonalds design exhibits a sense of â€Å"Forever Young† look with bright red and yellow colours appealing to the children and establishing its family restaurant positioning. The building provides a practical, contemporary design that aligns with the McDonalds brand essence while accommodating the latest operational and consumer experience standards. Their mascot Ronald Mcdonald is also present outside each of their restaurants. McDonalds always have all glass restaurants. McDonalds has always clearly identified and managed the various clues that customers use to form the impressions and feeling about their company. In addition to this, McDonalds has separate take away counters in order to save time of their patrons. Signage: All of McDonalds external signage reads as, â€Å"McDonalds-Family restaurant. Also keeping in mind with the local language, all McDonalds restaurant have their name boards in Hindi. McDonalds strongly believes in adhering to the local sentiments and hence none of the outlets in India sell Beef products and every restaurant has this mentioned. Also McDonalds, strongly believes in glass branding for any new products or services they offer. Most of the communication is designed to cater to local tastes and preferences. Parking/Landscape/Surrounding Environment: All McDonald outlets are located are accessible and present everywhere thus capitalizing on brand recognition. Most of the McDonalds have their own restaurants and hence the seating space available is exclusive to McDonald’s patrons. Also McDonalds offers proper parking facilities for its highway restaurants. Facility Interior All McDonalds outlet are standardized in terms of layout and have proper in-store branding. The â€Å"Young and Cheerful† design concept is a progressive, youthful, and energetic environment with open views for social interaction. All McDonald outlets are huge with proper aisles and passages with appropriate signage for seating arena, lavatories, wet floor and food counters. McDonalds has a Made for You food preparation platform.MFY is a unique concept (cooking method) where the food is prepared as the customer places its order. This cooking method has helped McDonald’s further strengthen its food safety, hygiene and quality standards. McDonalds also has illuminated Menu boards that offer a mix of both vegetarian and non vegetarian burgers along with other savories and drinks. McDonalds also has proper queues for placing order and often there is a executive who assists you in order placing. Also McDonalds gives toys for children thus making them wanting to come back. The other visible cues are color, lighting, in-store music, employee uniforms and trays with literary. McDonalds has ample in store lighting and directly inï ¬â€šuences an individual’s perception of the deï ¬ nition and quality of the space, inï ¬â€šuencing his or her awareness of physical, emotional, psychological, and spiritual aspects of the space. The bright McDonald stores ensure prompt handling and evaluation of products. In all McDonald stores the lighting is perceived as more pleasant than other fast food environments. The color scheme that McDonalds uses exhumes cheerfulness and warmth. Red depicts vibrance, cheerfulness while yellow depicts friendliness and brightness. At McDonalds, music is a positive auditory cue stimulating specific consumer behaviour and emotions. Music appears to influence buyer-seller interaction. There is audio played about the latest offers and products. Also a balance and constant sound creates a pleasant sound environment. All employees at McDonald are provided with uniforms and name badges along with caps with McDonald signature â€Å"M† arch. Employees are also trained with appropriate soft skills to address customers. Every employee or front line executive greets the customer and exchanges pleasantries, which makes them happy. Service quality gap: The five gaps that organizations should measure manage and minimize: Gap 1 (Listening gap) is the distance between what customers expect and what managers think they expect Clearly survey research is a key way to narrow this gap. Gap 2 (standard and specification gap) is between management perception and the actual specification of the customer experience Managers need to make sure the organization is defining the level of service they believe is needed. 29 Gap 3 (performance gap)is from the experience specification to the delivery of the experience -Managers need to audit the customer experience that their organization currently delivers in order to make sure it lives up to the specification Gap 4 (communication gap) is the gap between the delivery of the customer experience and what is communicated to customers All too often organizations exaggerate what will be provided to customers, or discuss the best case rather than the likely case, raising customer expectations and harming customer perceptions Gap 5 is the gap between a customers perception of the experience and the customers expectation of the service Customers expectations have been shaped by word of mouth, their personal needs and their own past experiences. Routine transactional surveys after delivering the customer experience are important for an organization to measure customer perceptions of service Service Quality dimensions Tangibles : Physical evidence of service Reliability : Consistency of performance and dependability Responsiveness : Willingness/readiness of employees to provide service in timely manner Credibility : Trustworthiness, believability, honesty Security : Freedom from danger, risk, doubt, assurance guarantee, Certification Competence : Possession of required skills to perform service Access : Approachability and ease of contact Empathy Courtesy : Politeness, respect, consideration, friendliness Values: They place customer experience at the core of all they do: They believe customers are the reason for their existence. They demonstrate their appreciation by providing them with high quality food and superior service in a clean, welcoming environment, at a great value. Their goal is quality, service, cleanliness and value (QSCV) for each and every customer, each and every time. They are committed to their people. They provide opportunity, nurture talent, develop leaders and reward achievement. They believe that a team of well-trained individuals with diverse backgrounds and experiences, working together in an environment that fosters respect and drives high levels of engagement, is essential to their continued success. They believe in the McDonald’s System. McDonald’s business model, depicted by their â€Å"three-legged stool† of owner/operators, suppliers, and company employees, is their foundation, and balancing the interests of all three groups is the key. They operate their business ethically. Sound ethics is good business. At McDonald’s, they hold themselves and conduct their business to high standards of fairness, honesty, and integrity. They are individually accountable and collectively responsible. They give back to their communities. They take seriously the responsibilities that come with being a leader. They help their customers in building better communities, support Ronald McDonald House Charities, and leverage their size, scope and resources to help make the world a better place. They grow their business profitably. McDonald’s is a publicly traded company. As such, they work to provide sustained profitable growth for their shareholders. This requires continuous focus on their customers and the health of their system. They strive continually to improve. They are a learning organization that aims to anticipate and respond to changing customer, employee and system needs through constant evolution and innovation. McDonald’s is committed to providing the highest quality food and superior service, at a great value, in a clean and welcoming environment. That’s why we work with their employees, franchisees, and suppliers to serve a balanced array of food choices and provide the nutrition informa tion needed for customers to make sound decisions. At the restaurant level, McDonald’s is focused on energy conservation, sustainable packaging, and waste management. They are dedicated to innovate and improve their operations in order to build an even more sustainable, environment friendly and profitable business. And will continue to re optimize their menu, modernize the customer experience, and broaden accessibility to their brand, so that consumers will always enjoy the maximum McDonald’s experience. Service Blueprint: Loopholes in service operations: A research report released Thursday by Dunnhumby, highlighted by The Wall Street Journal, elucidates that in reality the customer eating experience is becoming more and more important to consumers. With so many fast-food options available, they make their decisions based on loyalty — and a significant portion of this support is garnered through a chain’s friendly customer service and good eating experience. It is without doubt that McDonald’s is still winning over Americans with its cheap Dollar Menu offerings and convenient drive thru service. But its poor customer-service scores are ultimately hurting its sales– a certainty supported by the Dunnhumby report that demonstrates that restaurants with higher customer-service scores tend to show higher comparable sales growth over a two-year period. Thus, if the world’s largest restaurant chain wants to maintain its edge over competitors, it must not only focus on price and promotions, but also the expe rience it offers to customers every day. And McDonald’s executives agree. The Wall Street Journal explains that in a webcast these executives held with franchise owners in March, they called its service â€Å"broken.† The number of customer complaints related to friendliness issues have only increased, and complaints about speed of service also â€Å"have increased significantly over the past six months.† Is it then perhaps possible that customers are becoming more accustomed to the friendly service and loyalty rewards they receive at other growing chains like and then less tolerating of the subpar services they encounter at other fast food chains? With respect to the services provided by McDonalds, the following management issues were observed McDonalds wishes to rework on its restaurant interiors and match up to those of its self owned restaurants, However the problem that they have encountered is that franchisee owners are unwilling to invest in interior design. McDonald’s has introduced MFY (Made for You) whereby the burgers are made after the order is placed. However, the franchises are required to upgrade their equipment in order to follow this. The franchisees are not willing to incur such expenditure which poses a problem to McDonald’s. We normally observe the customary trend of people queuing outside McDonalds especially during the weekends. This is due to the limited capacity space in the restaurants. This has been a persistent management problem for McDonalds. Even though the management at McDonalds has been trying to search for a solution for the same, it fears doing so pertaining to cost issues.

The Dominican Republic, and its owner, Rafael Leonidas Trujillo Essay

The Dominican Republic, and its owner, Rafael Leonidas Trujillo All throughout the 20th century we can observe the marked presence of totalitarian regimes and governments in Latin America. Countries like Cuba, Chile, Brazil, Argentina, Nicaragua and the Dominican Republic all suffered under the merciless rule of dictators and military leaders. Yet the latter country, the Dominican Republic, experienced a unique variation of these popular dictatorships, one that in the eyes of the world of those times was great, but in the eyes of the Dominicans, was nothing short of deadly. Rafael Leonidas Trujillo, or â€Å"El Chivo†, controlled the people of the Dominican Republic in a manner that set him apart from the other leaders of that time. By controlling every aspect of the country’s economy, he controlled the people, by controlling each individual’s income and their jobs, he controlled their lives. (Sagas, 173) It is true that from the outside it may appear that the economy was getting better in the Dominican Republic, but the problem was that all of the enterprises and businesses were directly or indirectly owned and controlled by Trujillo himself, not the government. Building bridges, making better roads, and establishing monuments were Trujillo’s ideas as to how to make the Dominican Republic a better place. (de Besault, N/A) True that these things made the Republic more appealing and made transportation better, but the inhumane methods Trujillo employed to maintain his complete and utter control of the people completely ove rshadowed any positive things that he may have done. This previously inexistent economy is what allowed Trujillo to attain and strengthen his power in the Dominican Republic. Oddly enough, the same peo... ... In addition to being powerful, his ruthless murders made him a dangerous man too. This specific case in Latin American history comes to show how economic â€Å"stability† does not always mean happiness and wealth. The Dominican Republic’s economy was stable, but all the wealth belonged to one man, Trujillo. A Nation’s wealth in the hands of one man only means that the Nation’s safety and life-force also rest in his hands. Works Cited Bosch, Juan. Trujillo: Causas de una tirania sin ejemplo. Caracas: n.p., 1961. de Besault, Lawrence. President Trujillo: His work and the Dominican Republic. Santiago: Editorial El Diario, 1941. Ferreras, Ramon. Trujillo : 20 aà ±os despues. N.p.: n.p., 1981. Roorda, Eric. The Dicator Next Door. London: Duke UP, 1998. Sagas, Ernesto. The Dominican People: A Documentary History. Princeton: Markus Weiner, 2003.

Bilingual Education and the Cycle of Native Language

The original objective of bilingual education was to ensure students would not fall behind academically because of a poor command of English and to gradually teach them English as a second language. If language-minority students were taught some subjects in their native tongue, proponents insisted, they potentially could learn English without sacrificing content knowledge. But bilingual education†s critics argue that the approach keeps students in a cycle of native language dependency that ultimately inhibits significant progress in English language acquisition. Proponents counter that if students first learn to read in the language they are fluent in and then transfer the skills over to English-their second language-they will develop stronger literacy skills in the long term. Plus, they argue that in an increasingly global society, schools, far from discouraging native-language retention, should work to help students maintain their native tongues, even as they also teach them English. Complicating the debate is the range of programs that, by some people†s definition, fall under the umbrella of bilingual education. Some use bilingual education to refer only to transitional bilingual education or two-way bilingual programs while others consider any program designed for students with limited proficiency in English to be â€Å"bilingual.† For instance, they may refer to English-as-a-second-language programs, where students are typically taught solely in English, as bilingual education. Public sentiment against transitional bilingual education has been growing. On June 2, 1998, California voters overwhelmingly approved Proposition 227, an initiative that largely eliminated bilingual education from the state†s public schools. Under the California initiative, most LEP students in that state are now placed in English-immersion programs. Arizona voters followed suit by passing Proposition 203, a measure similar to the California initiative, on Nov. 7, 2000. While the California initiative reduced the percentage of LEP children in bilingual education from 29 percent to 12 percent, the Arizona initiative is expected to end bilingual education because, unlike the California initiative, it makes it very difficult for parents to seek waivers from English immersion that would permit some bilingual education to continue. Arizona officials expect to implement the law by fall 2001. Despite the â€Å"English only† message that Propositions 227 and 203 bear, the debate over how best to instruct linguistically diverse students is far from decided nationwide.

The impact on the american public school system

Democracy and instruction are footings that are clearly definable yet easy misunderstood. Education is the procedure of determining society and future coevalss ( Hollis, as stated in Carr & A ; Harnett, 1996 ) ; nevertheless, it is more than simply learning immature people to read, compose, and decipher. Education is about fixing people to go responsible citizens, bettering societal conditions, and advancing cultural integrity ( Do We Still Need Public Schools, 1996 ) . Democracy, on the other manus, is a familiar word that continues to be at the centre of confusion and abuse. Defined as a type of authorities in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised straight by them, democracy is a set of ideals and rules by and large environing the thought of freedom. When jointly trying to specify democracy and instruction, it is easy to happen yourself amongst a sea of vagueness, confusion, and obfuscation. Possibly the most effectual manner to specify, explicate, or understand the interconnection between democracy and instruction is to show a clear illustration of a critical issue within the American instruction system and the impact it has on our state ‘s democracy: standardised testing for answerability. Standardized proving for answerability, besides known every bit high bets proving, has become a combative cause for argument. It, harmonizing to Dylan ( 2010 ) , is best described as â€Å" the usage of standardised accomplishment trials for the intent of keeping instructors, schools, and territories accountable † ( p. 107 ) . Populating in a democratic society, instructors, schools, and territories are being held accountable by taxpayers and parents ( although these are frequently the same people ) for the exclusive intent of guaranting that pupils enrolled in the American public school system are having an appropriate instruction. The history of standardised proving for answerability can day of the month back to the 19th century when public schools in England and Wales had been financed by voluntary organisations. By 1833, the function of support within the public schools expanded to include grants for the building of new edifices, the preparation of instructors, and for the encouragement of go toing school ( Dylan, 2010 ) . In 1858, a Royal Commission was established to ask into the province of popular instruction in England and to see what steps were required for extension of sound and inexpensive direction. The Commission ‘s study, published in 1861, recommended that the sum of public money paid to each simple school should depend on three factors: the status of the school edifices ; pupil attending ; and the public presentation of the pupils go toing the school on an unwritten scrutiny of every kid in every school to which grants were paid. Like England and Wales, standardized proving within the United States dates back to the 19th century ; nevertheless involvement in standardised testing for answerability may be traced to the landmark 1966 study Equality of Educational Opportunity, besides known as the Coleman study for its lead writer, sociologist James Coleman. Written as a survey to compare the distribution of resources and chances among kids of different races, the Coleman study besides examined differences in accomplishment tonss, or outcomes. Ravitch ( 2002 ) stated that the survey was important for many grounds, including the â€Å" displacement in research focal point from inputs to consequences, ensuing in the writers ‘ determination to analyze how school resources affected accomplishment † ( p. 14 ) . Prior to the Coleman study, instruction reform had focused chiefly on the distribution of resources, on the premise that more generous commissariats for instructors ‘ wages, installations, text editions, and supplies would repair whatever ailed the state ‘s schools. After the Coleman study, reformists advanced a broader array of proposals, many of which sought alterations in public presentation instead than, or in add-on to, additions in resources ( Ravitch, 2002 ) . This displacement in focal point from resources to student accomplishment was facilitated by the increased handiness of trial tonss. In 1970, the constitution of the National Assessment of Education Progress ( NAEP ) provided cumulative new informations and tendency lines to document educational accomplishment of American pupils. By 1992, the NAEP coverage was expanded to include pupils in take parting provinces. As more and more information was collected about pupil public presentation, elected functionaries came under force per unit area to make something about low accomplishment and about the big spreads among different groups of pupils. Confronted with the demand to better their schools in order to pull new industries to their provinces and vicinities, elected functionaries, harmonizing to Ravitch ( 2002 ) , looked at instruction much as they looked at other maps of authorities and at private corporations. Elected functionaries concluded that what mattered most was consequences – that is, whether pupils were larning. They used trial tonss as the best step of pupil acquisition, and they urged that school s should concentrate unrelentingly on bettering pupil accomplishment. By the early 1980s, governors were turning to concern leaders as their natural Alliess in seeking to better their province ‘s educational system. In every province, instruction was the individual biggest budget point, normally devouring 40 per centum of the province ‘s outgos ( Ravitch, 2002 ) . Some governors wanted to acquire instruction under their control, some wanted to do instruction disbursement more cost effectual, and most wanted to carry through both. The governors looked to concern leaders for advice on pull offing complex, labour-intensive organisations. The concern leaders looked at the schools through the lenses that were customary for them. They expected to see transparence of describing about budget, resources, operations, and consequences ; they expected to see answerability for public presentation. They encouraged governors and other elected functionaries to see incentive constructions that worked routinely in concern to better public presentation. In April 1983, the biggest accelerator for alteration within the public school system came in the signifier of a study titled A State At Risk. The National Commission on Excellence in Education issued its eye-opening study that indicted educational functionaries, schools leaders, and the American populace for complacence ( â€Å" A Nation Accountable, † 2008 ) . The recommendations set Forth in A State At Risk promised permanent reform through demanding the best attempt and public presentation from all pupils, whether they are gifted or less able, flush or disadvantaged, whether destined for college, the farm, or industry ( U.S. Dept. of Ed. , 1983 ) . A State At Risk marked the beginning of an development in proving for answerability and standards-based instruction reform. This motion towards standards-based instruction and appraisal that began with A State At Risk went national with the transition of the Improving America ‘s Schools Act of 1994 ( IASA ) . IASA reauthorized the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 ( ESEA ) , foremost enacted as portion of President Lyndon Johnson ‘s War on Poverty that was designed to concentrate federal support on hapless schools with low accomplishing pupils. In exchange for stressing higher pupil larning results, the revamped ESEA gave provinces and vicinities more flexibleness to plan and run their ain federally funded instruction plans. The 1994 ESEA was intended to work in concert with Goals 2000: Educate America Act, which supported province and local attempts to put ambitious content and public presentation criterions and to transport out school reforms that will raise the achievement degrees of all pupils ( U.S. Dept. of Ed. , 1996 ) . With the new millenary, the criterions and answerability motion reached a new degree. President George W. Bush called for important reforms at the federal degree, which led to the passage of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 ( NCLB ) . This jurisprudence, which was passed with bipartizan bulks in Congress and with the support of the concern and civil rights communities, built on the foundation laid in the 1980s and 1990s by guaranting that provinces accepting federal authorities ‘s targeted investing agree to step and study on consequences in footings of criterions and answerability. No Child Left Behind was complex and contained many plans, nevertheless its cardinal focal point was answerability. This was an issue that brought together Republicans and Democrats. Harmonizing to Ravitch ( 2002 ) , had there non been bipartizan understanding on answerability, NCLB would ne'er hold become a jurisprudence. Both parties believed that answerability was the lever that would raise accomplishment. While many advocates for educational reform will reason that standardised proving for answerability is a agency to transfuse a positive alteration, the cogency and value of standardised testing is frequently capable for argument. Assorted surveies raise inquiries about whether betterments in trial tonss really signal an betterment for larning ( Cannell, 1988 ) . Other surveies point to standardise trials ‘ narrowness of content, their deficiency of lucifer with course of study and direction, their disregard of higher order believing accomplishments, and the limited relevancy and meaningfulness of their multiple pick formats. Harmonizing to Herman ( 1994 ) , instead than exercising a positive influence on pupil acquisition, proving may trivialise the acquisition and instructional procedure, distort course of study, and usurp valuable instructional clip. When concentrating on the effects of standardised proving for answerability, it is indispensable to find whether or non betterments in trials tonss really signal an betterment for larning. Harmonizing to Ravitch ( 2010 ) , the information derived from trials can be highly valuable, if the trials are valid and dependable. Test consequences can demo what pupils have learned, have non learned, and where they need betterment. They can state parents how their kids are making in comparing to other kids of their age and class. Test consequences can inform instructors and school decision makers to find which pupils need extra aid or different methods of direction. It can place pupils who need aid in larning English or particular instruction services. They can inform educational leaders and policy shapers about the advancement of the instruction system as a whole. Consequences can demo which plans are doing a difference and which are non, which should be expanded and which should be terminate d. Last, they can assist to direct extra support, preparation, and resources to instructors and schools that need them ( Ravitch, 2010 ) . The drawback with utilizing standardised trials to do of import determinations about people ‘s lives is that standardised trials are non precise instruments ( Ravitch, 2010 ) . All trials have a border of mistake and the same pupil could bring forth different tonss when taking the same trial on different yearss. Testing experts ( Ravitch, 2010 ) often remind school functionaries that standardized trial tonss should non be used in isolation to do eventful determinations about pupils, but in concurrence with other steps of pupil public presentation, such as classs, category engagement, prep, and instructors ‘ recommendations. When finding if a standardised trial signals an betterment of acquisition, or deficiency thereof, cogency, as stated by Riffert ( 2005 ) , becomes a inquiry of whether a trial does so mensurate what its developers intended to mensurate. If a trial fails to supply an acceptable degree of cogency for a certain intent, the consequences are deemed useless. The cogency of standardised trials relies mostly on the course of study taught by the instructors prior to the existent trial. Adequate exposure to the course of study allows each pupil a just opportunity to derive cognition of the stuff. However, it is virtually impossible to obtain curriculum cogency at the province or national degree due to a high grade of diverseness within each schoolroom, school site, territory, and province ( Riffert, 2005 ) . For this ground, seldom will the trial green goods consequences that replicate aims that coincide with the schoolroom ( Goodwin and Driscoll, 1980 ) . The effects of standardised proving for answerability go beyond dependability and cogency. A common concern heard by educational leaders is narrowness of content due to a focal point on nucleus course of study. Similarly, many advocates argue that standardised proving for answerability disregards higher order believing accomplishments and alternatively focal points on lower order believing accomplishments such as callback of facts and information ( Dylan, 2010 ) . As advocates for standardised testing for answerability continue to concentrate on increasing trial tonss, instructors and decision makers are forced to concentrate their attempts on trial readying, go forthing many to oppugn whether an addition in trial tonss signals an overall addition in cognition. In a widely reported analysis, Amrein and Berliner ( 2002 ) examined the impact of the debut of proving for answerability in 18 provinces. They concluded that although there was clear grounds that tie ining answerability ( effects ) to prove mark results had increased tonss on the trials used within the plan, there was no grounds of improved trial tonss on other related steps. Furthermore, they found that the debut of standardised proving for answerability was associated with increased pupil dropout rates, inappropriate trial readying patterns, and decreased teacher morale. A subsequent analysis ( Amrein & A ; Berliner, 2002 ) confirmed these findings and indicated that the debut of hig h school graduation scrutinies was associated with a lowering of mean academic accomplishment. While standardised proving for answerability doubtless robs pupils of an reliable acquisition experience, the most scarey impact is the impression that high-stakes testing via medias our democratic society. Democracy is the foundation of our state ‘s history and hereafter, and guaranting and prolonging it is at the bosom of the American public school system. Harmonizing to A State at Risk, â€Å" a high degree of shared instruction is indispensable to a free, democratic society and to the fosterage of a common civilization, particularly in a state that prides itself on pluralism and single freedom † ( 1983 ) . Because democracy assumes and depends upon active and engaged people ( â€Å" Do We Still Need Public Schools, † 1996 ) , the American public school system is the vehicle in which to educate all people in order to accomplish certain basic democratic ends. Harmonizing to Ravitch ( 2010 ) , in a democracy, schooling is vitally of import and really different from schooling in other societies. No other establishment in our society is every bit suited as the public schools for presenting the immature to both the thoughts inherent in a societal and political democracy every bit good as the ideals from which democracy is derived. Harmonizing to Wolk ( 2007 ) , we are populating in a school psychotic belief. He poses the inquiry, â€Å" Do we truly believe that our schools animate our kids to populate a life of contemplation, imaginativeness, empathy, and societal duty? † ( p. 649 ) . Because of standardised proving for answerability, our state, and our schools are afflicted with a famine of educational imaginativeness, a deficiency of pedagogical bravery, and rampant anti-intellectualism ( Wolk, 2007 ) . Our textbook-driven course of study have become educational ageless gesture machines of rational, moral, and originative averageness. We dumb down and sanitise the course of study in the name of techno-rational efficiency and â€Å" American Interests † ( Wolk, 2007 ) . When our kids ‘s school experiences are chiefly about make fulling in spaces on worksheets, regurgitating facts from text editions, composing formulaic five-paragraph essays, taking multiple pick trials, and doing the occasional panorama – that is, when they are barren of chances to make an original idea – we should anticipate the obvious result: kids – and subsequently grownups – who are unable to believe for themselves. None of this should surprise us. Passive schooling creates inactive people. If we want people to believe, larn, and attention about the many dimensions of life, if we want neighbours who accept duty of be givening to the universe and doing it a better topographic point, so we need schools and course of study that are really about life and the universe. Alternatively, we have schools that prepare kids to believe like a wassailer ( Wolk, 2007 ) . In order for democracy to go on on, there is an undoubted demand for the production of democratic people via the public school system. However, standardized proving for answerability is working against the production of democratic people and is alternatively, fabricating future citizens satisfied with averageness and ignorance. From scripted course of study to a focal point entirely on mathematics and linguistic communication humanistic disciplines, schools that are committed to merely bettering standardised trials tonss have produced a state of ace trial takers. Our current public school system has done nil to develop thoughtful, considerate human existences, or to educate a democratic people ( Ravitch, 2010 ) . The transition of No Child Left Behind has made proving and accountability our national instruction scheme. The chief intent was to raise trial tonss, irrespective of whether or non pupils acquired any cognition of history, scientific discipline, literature, geographics, the humanistic disciplines, and other topics that were non of import for answerability intents. Harmonizing to Ravitch ( 2010 ) , accent on trial public presentation to run into criterions in certain academic countries may decrease the end of constructing active and morally sensitive citizens who carry out their civic responsibilities. Over the last decennary, pedagogues, policymakers, and the populace have begun to hammer a consensus that our public schools must concentrate on better fixing all kids for the demands of citizenship in the twenty-first century ( â€Å" Investing In a Culture of Learning, † 2010 ) . This push has resulted in the rise of standardised testing as the agencies of educating and measuring the success of all pupils, schools, and territories enrolled in the public school system. However, as outlined within this paper, standardized proving for answerability has many unintended effects, including: narrowing of the course of study and experiences, a focal point on lower degree thought as opposed to high order thought, a turning dissatisfaction amongst pedagogues and parents, and in conclusion, the impression that standardized proving for answerability via medias our democratic society. Despite the cooling and formidable effects, many advocates of educational reform are inquiring the inqui ry â€Å" if non standardized proving for answerability, so what? † Performance based appraisal, besides known as reliable appraisal, is an equivocal construct to pedagogues ( Keyser & A ; Howell, 2008 ) . Some refer to as a specific appraisal that reflects a real-world context while others describe it as an appraisal aligned to real-world activities or some combination thereof. Harmonizing to Wood, et Al ( 2007 ) , public presentation appraisals are tools that allow instructors to garner information about what pupils can make with what they are larning – scientific discipline experiments that pupils design, carry out, analyze, and compose up ; computing machine plans that pupils create and test out ; research enquiries that they pursue, seeking and piecing grounds about a inquiry, and showing it in written and unwritten signifier. Whether the accomplishment or criterion being measured is composing, speech production, scientific or mathematical literacy, or cognition of history and societal scientific discipline research, pupils really execute undertakings affecting these accomplishments and the instructor observes and gathers information about, and scores the public presentation based upon a set of pre-determined standards. Performance based appraisal, frequently locally controlled and affecting multiple steps of accomplishment, offer a manner to travel beyond the bounds and negative effects of standardised proving for answerability ( Wood, et Al, 2007 ) . When comparing standardized proving for answerability and public presentation based appraisals, the research ( Wood et al, 2007 ) suggests that such appraisals are better tools for demoing the extent to which pupils have developed higher order believing accomplishments, such as the abilities to analyse, synthesise, and evaluate information. They lead to more student battle in acquisition and stronger public presentation on the sorts of reliable undertakings that better resemble what they will necessitate to make in the universe outside of school. They besides provide richer feedback to instructors, taking to improved acquisition results for pupils. As a state, we need a strong and vivacious public instruction system. Ravitch ( 2010 ) stated that as we seek to reform our schools, we must take attention to make no injury. In fact, we must take attention to do our public schools one time once more the pride of our state. Our public instruction system is the cardinal component of our democratic society. Our public schools have been the tract to chance and a better life for coevalss of Americans, giving them the tools to manner their ain life and to better the general public assistance of all. To the extent that we strengthen them, we strengthen our democracy ( pgs. 241-242 ) .

Perdón para migrantes protegidos por la sección 245(i)

Perdà ³n para migrantes protegidos por la seccià ³n 245(i) La seccià ³n 245(i) de la Ley de Inmigracià ³n y Nacionalidad (INA, por sus siglas en inglà ©s) permite ajustar el estatus a personas indocumentadas y asà ­ obtener la tarjeta de residencia. El problema es que esta seccià ³n de la INA expirà ³. Sin embargo, algunos inmigrantes pueden estar todavà ­a hoy protegidos y, por lo tanto, podrà ­an pedir el ajuste de estatus. Quà © migrantes indocumentados podrà ­an beneficiarse de la seccià ³n 245 (i) Los inmigrantes que estn dentro de Estados Unidos en situacià ³n de indocumentados porque: entraron con visa y se quedaron ms tiempo del permitido.ingresaron al paà ­s ilegalmente sin pasar por un control migratoriocometieron alguna violacià ³n migratoria como, por ejemplo, aceptar empleo colocndose asà ­ en una situacià ³n de ilegalidad migratoria. Y no pueden arreglar los papeles sin salir de los Estados Unidos mediante lo que se conoce como un ajuste de estatus. Si salen de Estados Unidos tendrà ­an el problema de que automticamente se activarà ­a el castigo de los 3 o de los 10 aà ±os por presencia ilegal. Tener en cuenta que algunos indocumentados pueden ajustar su estatus por relacià ³n de cà ³nyuge, padre, madre o hijo soltero menor de 21 aà ±os con un ciudadano estadounidense. Pero incluso en estos casos no siempre es posible ajustar el estatus. Cules son los requisitos para estar estar protegido por la seccià ³n 245 (i) 1. Que el inmigrante tenga una peticià ³n de visa de inmigrante hecha   a su nombre por razà ³n de familia o de trabajo y que dicha peticià ³n se hubiera presentado el 30 de abril de 2001 o antes.   Es decir, tenga un certificado de trabajo (labor certification) o   una peticià ³n I-130 para familiar extranjero, I-140 para trabajador extranjero, I-360 para viudos o migrantes especiales. o I-526 para empresario extranjero a travà ©s del programa EB5. 2. Que la peticià ³n hubiera sido aprobada (puede ser posteriormente a esa fecha) 3. Y si la peticià ³n se presentà ³ entre el 14 de enero de 1998 y el 30 de abril de 2001, el beneficiario principal de la peticià ³n debe poder demostrar que estaba fà ­sicamente presente en los Estados Unidos a fecha de 21 de diciembre de 2000. Eso es para el beneficiario  principal,en no para el derivado. Por ejemplo, en los casos en los que un ciudadano pide a su hermano, à ©ste serà ­a el principal, y el derivado la esposa/o del pedido y sus hijos solteros menores de 21 aà ±os. Destacar que en el caso de familiares derivados, la relacià ³n de parentesco entre el beneficiario principal y el derivado debà ­a ya existir a fecha de 30 de abril de 2001.   Cà ³mo se pide beneficiarse de la proteccià ³n de la seccià ³n 245(i) Solicitante un ajuste de estatus (planilla I-485)Completando adems el suplemento I-485AEnviando toda la documentacià ³n de apoyoPagando la cuota del ajuste de estatus Antes de enviar cualquier planilla, asesorarse si realmente se califica. Asimismo, extremar el cuidado para cumplir con los requisitos de llenar correctamente los formularios. Quà © no se debe hacer si se cree que se es un buen candidato para esta proteccià ³n No salir de Estados Unidos mientras no se resuelve el asunto. Si se sale, en ese momento comienza a aplicar el castigo de los 3 y de los 10 aà ±os. A quià ©n no protege la seccià ³n 245(i) A las personas con un procedimiento de deportacià ³n abierto. Cundo la 245(i) no es suficiente para ajustar el estatus Es posible cumplir todos los requisitos para este perdà ³n pero que, finalmente, el ajuste de estatus se niegue y no se obtenga la tarjeta de residencia. Y es que para sacar la green card el migrante tiene que ser considerado admisible. Esto es, hay una serie de comportamientos o situaciones en el pasado del migrante que hacen imposible que pueda obtener los papeles, bien con carcter permanente o bien por un tiempo. A tener en cuenta para elegir la mejor opcià ³n y evitar fraudes Hay casos en los que podrà ­a aplicar la 245(i), pero realmente hay otras opciones que resultan mejores. Por ejemplo, una persona con una peticià ³n a su favor hecha en el aà ±o 2000 por un hermano ciudadano americano. Si esa persona ingresà ³ con visa y simplemente perdià ³ su estatus por quedarse ms tiempo del permitido y est ahora casada de buena fe con un ciudadano americano, podrà ­a ajustar su estatus sin necesidad de recurrir al 245(i). Sin embargo, si la misma persona del ejemplo, hubiera ingresado a Estados Unidos ilegalmente, no podrà ­a ajustar su estatus por el procedimiento regular y su opcià ³n serà ­a pedir la proteccià ³n del 245(i). Todos los casos de perdones son complejos y delicados. Lo mejor es siempre buscar a un abogado de inmigracià ³n reputado y con experiencia en el beneficio que se desea pedir.  Ã‚  Es cierto que en muchos casos es posible  solicitar un perdà ³n migratorio (waiver)  pero adems de cumplir con todos los requisitos, no es fcil obtenerlo. Por esta razà ³n, es aconsejable tener cuidado con las promesas que hacen algunos abogados inescrupulosos. Este artà ­culo no es consejo legal para ningà ºn caso concreto. Sà ³lo tiene valor informativo.